Barack Obama once said,
"Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other time. We
are the ones we've been waiting for. We are the change that we seek." This
quote portrays what Daniel Hale Williams did for African Americans. Daniel Hale
Williams, born on January 18, 1856 in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania, was an
African American famous for opening an interracial hospital and being the first
physician to successfully perform an operation on the human heart. With the
support of his friends, colleagues, mentors, and wife, he was able to bring
equality to African Americans. ("Daniel Hale Williams." Contemporary
Black Biography.). His work for equality continued to progress even after his death on
August 4, 1931 in Idlewild, Michigan. When he was a
physician, people refused to accept him into society because of his skin
color. Conquering this obstacle, he found different ways to save people's lives
and expanded the knowledge of the medical field. He taught and inspired African
Americans to take everyday roles in society no matter the number of people
discouraging them. As an African American surgeon, Daniel Hale Williams was determined
to fight discrimination and dedicated his life to provide African Americans education
in the medical field.
Determination
allowed Williams to accomplish his goal--helping save people's lives by doing
bold operations that no other surgeon has ever successfully done before. In the
late 1800s, there were not any advanced, technological tools that assisted in
Williams' operation on the heart and he had no procedure he could use as an example because
no one ever performed this operation before, but he was still able to save a
person's life: "A young black man named James Cornish had been stabbed in a
neighborhood scuffle...Risking his surgical reputation, Williams decided to
operate--at that time without benefit of x-rays, blood transfusions, or
antibiotics to fight infections. It was a daring operation--the first time a
surgeon had successfully entered the chest cavity and surgically explored the
heart...Completely recovered, the patient lived for another 50 years, outliving
his surgeon by 12 years" ("Daniel Hale Williams." Contemporary
Black Biography.). Thanks to Williams' tenacious mind, he was able to
explore different approaches and techniques in a limited amount of time to save
Cornish from his fatal stab wound. He did not give up even when there were no
tools correctly fitted for such a complex operation. But most importantly, he
did not let the thought of failure enter his mind. He knew that there was a
chance that Cornish could die, yet he continued through the operation and was
triumphant. In time, people learned about Williams' successful operation and doctors
called him for help on patients with severe wounds. In one situation, Williams,
also known as Dr. Dan, was confronted by a challenging dilemma: a patient with an injured spleen. Years ago, another
doctor had the same problem Williams was encountering. The doctor attempted to suture, or stitch, the spleen but failed and
his patient bled to death: "Despite history, despite uncertainty, Dr. Dan was
willing to try. He began suturing, but every stitch tore out of the cheese-like
tissues as he attempted to draw his loop down. He saw he would have to give up
or change his tactics. Although the properties of catgut had not been
extensively investigated and were not well known, Dr. Dan was aware that
wetting catgut caused it to swell...The patient made a rapid and permanent
recovery and was discharged from Provident thirty-one days later" (Buckler
210-211). Williams was an open-minded doctor who, when faced with a difficult
situation, tried coming up with different solutions instead of quitting once
one idea turned out to be unsuccessful. The first attempt of stitching up the
spleen failed to hold it together. As a result, Williams switched techniques; he used the catgut, a string made of animals' intestines, to complete the operation. His
intelligence and confidence in his abilities caused him to test his theories
that might or might not have worked. Williams' accomplishments, successful
because of his determination to continue the operation instead of withdrawing,
helped make a breakthrough in the medical field, allowing other doctors to
follow his procedures as examples, and save people's lives.
Williams' fearless way
of fighting discrimination, soon got him to a position where people listened
to his ideas. He became an inspiration who fought for what he wanted even when
he was outnumbered by opposers: "In 1889, he became a member
of the Illinois State Board of Health. Disturbed that he was one of only three
black physicians in Chicago and eager to try to overcome the effects of
discrimination and prejudice, he proposed founding a new hospital and nursing
school with race-blind policies" (Luft). Discriminating or differentiating someone based on their skin color, causes prejudicial opinions, or unreasonable thoughts. Many whites did not consider African Americans
educated or capable of improvement because of their prejudice. Williams accepted and overcame their
pessimism, proving to them that African Americans have the skills needed to
work in the medical field. He continued his work to reach his goal of having a
hospital that treated people equally, no matter their skin color. He became a
leader when he stood up for what he believed in, even against all the whites
who were against African Americans being able to take upon a powerful role: "In
1895, because the American Medical Association (AMA) would not yet admit people
of color as members, Williams and five other African American
physicians.founded a parallel organization, the National Medical Association
(NMA), to represent their professional interests...Williams its first vice
president. As of 2009, NMA membership comprised more than 30,000 African
American physicians" (Luft). African Americans were treated harshly and
unequally as a result of their skin color, shown through their rejection from
the AMA. Williams and his fellow associates did not feel intimidated when they
were not allowed into the AMA. Instead, they decided to start their own group
that fought for African Americans to be accepted into everyday roles of
society. They stood up for what they believed in, they resisted the
disbelievers, and they expressed their feelings about discrimination. Williams'
opposition against discrimination revealed the courage he had to defend African
Americans and to help them gain acceptance.
Williams
dedicated his life to help young, African American doctors receive more
opportunities to be educated. Williams volunteered himself to be the one who
educated them by performing sample operations: "In 1900 he began annual visits
to Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tenn., serving without salary for over
25 years as visiting clinical professor of surgery. He spent five or ten days
there without pay each year for over a decade. He began operating in a crowded
basement room...Williams also operated and lectured at other schools and
hospitals in the South" ("Daniel Hale Williams." Encyclopedia of
World Biography.). To dedicate means to devote
time, effort, or oneself, to a particular task or purpose. Williams
continued to visit a college once a year for 25 years without getting any money
in return. This shows that he is passionate about spreading wisdom and helping
students improve on their skills as doctors. Even after he passed away, he
continued to contribute to the programs that helped build educational programs
for African Americans: "At his death, he left donations to many organizations
he had supported...These gifts helped provide expanded medical education
opportunities for black students" ("History: Dr. Daniel Hale Williams."). Williams
did not stop improving the world when he opened an interracial hospital, or
when he found a new way to operate on the heart, or even when he was dying. He
gave money to organizations that helped give African American students more
choices in what they can learn. This helped because then they had the skills to
get a job that paid well and kept them alive. Ultimately, Williams used his time
giving African Americans chances at studying and improving their knowledge of
the medical field.
Daniel Hale Williams is a hero because he acquired the determination, dedication, and courage needed to reach his goal without asking for anything in return. Williams disliked the small number of African American physicians society had and decided to fight for the equality his people needed in order to be welcomed by whites. He fought and proved to everyone that African Americans can be as skilled as whites. Daniel Hale Williams inspires me because he was intelligent. He knew he was intelligent and successful since he was the first person ever to operate successfully on the heart and saved a person's life in the process. But, he did not let the fame destroy him. Instead, he used his operations as lessons to teach students about how to become a better surgeon. "Williams's lasting importance to the history of medicine was not primarily based on his skill and innovation as a first-rate operative surgeon, but rather on his demonstration to a skeptical world that African Americans could achieve and maintain the highest standards of medicine and surgery" (Luft). He proved to the world that African Americans are capable of anything that anyone of any race can do. Williams taught me that I can not be afraid to express my feelings about a topic. For example, in class, whenever we are having class discussions, I do not raise my hand in fear that I will answer incorrectly and everyone will judge me. Williams discussed his opinions with hundreds of people without worrying about how others thought of him. If he could do this, I can at least try to participate in class. Williams was the change in his generation who fought against discrimination. Now it is our turn. We need to believe in ourselves because we are all full of creative ideas. However, those ideas are not worth much if they remain in your head. Be confident in who you are and we can make a change in the world.
Works Cited
Buckler, Helen. Daniel Hale Williams, Negro
Surgeon. New York: Pitman Pub. Corp, 1968.
Print.
"Daniel Hale Williams." Contemporary Black
Biography. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale, 1992. Biography
in Context. Web. 17 Mar. 2014.
"Daniel Hale Williams." Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2nd ed. Vol. 16. Detroit: Gale, 2004. 302-303. Gale
Virtual Reference Library. Web. 23 Mar. 2014.
"History: Dr.
Daniel Hale Williams." The Provident Foundation. The Provident
Foundation,
2000-2014.
Web. 23 Mar. 2014.
Luft,
Eric V. D. "Daniel Hale Williams." Great Lives From History:
African Americans (2010):
23. Biography Reference Center. Web. 24 Mar. 2014.
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Last edited 4/17/2014 12:00:00 AM